The Romans created a military camp (occupied by Legio X Gemina) during the 1st century on the site of the city centre of present-day Vienna. The name Vindobona derives from a Celtic language, suggesting that the region must have been inhabited before Roman times. Since the end of World War I, Vienna has been the capital of the Republic of Austria.īeginnings and early Middle Ages Overview of the Roman legion settlement Vindobona in the center of today's Vienna Roman ruins at Michaelerplatz During the 19th century as the capital of the Austrian Empire and later Austria-Hungary, it temporarily became one of Europe's biggest cities. It became the capital of the Babenberg dynasty and subsequently of the Austrian Habsburgs, under whom it became one of Europe's cultural hubs. From that humble beginning, Vienna grew from the Roman settlement known as Vindobona to be an important trading site in the 11th century. The history of Vienna has been long and varied, beginning when the Roman Empire created a military camp in the area now covered by Vienna's city centre. Old coat of arms of Vienna (1465–1925) with the imperial double-headed eagle ( May 2021) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)

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